Video: Mamata Banerjee in lawyer’s gown faces sloganeering in Calcutta High Court during hearing of post-poll violence case. india news

Video: Mamata Banerjee in lawyer's gown faces sloganeering in Calcutta High Court during post-poll violence case hearing

New Delhi: Former Chief Minister of Bengal Mamata Banerjee She faced heavy sloganeering in the Calcutta High Court on Thursday when she appeared as a lawyer in a public interest litigation (PIL) related to alleged post-poll violence following the recently concluded assembly elections in the state.Wearing the traditional black advocate jacket and white collar-band over her signature white saree with blue border, Banerjee appeared before a division bench of Chief Justice Sujoy Paul and Justice Partha Sarathi Sen to argue the case.The PIL was filed by Sirsanya Banerjee, son of a high court lawyer and senior advocate and four-time advocate Trinamool Congress MP Kalyan Banerjee. Sirsanya Banerjee recently contested the assembly elections from Uttarpara in Hooghly district on a Trinamool Congress ticket, but she lost to BJP candidate and former NSG commandant Dipanjan Chakraborty by over 10,000 votes.As Banerjee walked through the court complex dressed in lawyers’ attire, slogans were raised against her amid heightened political tension following the assembly election results in which the Trinamool Congress lost power. Bharatiya Janata Party.During the hearing, Banerjee reportedly presented photographs before the bench and alleged that “even children and women are not spared”. He also submitted a list of ten people who were allegedly killed in the post-poll violence.He said before the court, “My humble request is that please protect the people of Bengal. This is not a bulldozer state.”He further alleged that houses and offices were being occupied and looted in front of the police and claimed that the authorities had failed to intervene. “Everything is being done in the presence of police,” he said. He said people are entitled to have their voices heard, even if you are demolishing an unauthorized structure.Banerjee urged law enforcement agencies to step up action against those involved in the violence, arguing, “Once something happens, they won’t investigate? There is no police.”Reacting to her court appearance, the Trinamool Congress, in a post on Twitter, said Banerjee had “once again shown what really sets her apart”.“She never abandons the people of Bengal in their time of need. She never stops fighting for truth, justice and constitutional values. And time and again, she rises above the politics of hate with unparalleled compassion, courage and conviction,” the party said.The party further said, “Whether confronting the injustice of SIR or standing strong against the uncontrolled conduct of the BJP, she continues to prove that there is no leader like her in the country today.”Earlier this year, Banerjee had also appeared in the Supreme Court during the hearing related to the Special Intensive Review (SIR) case in West Bengal, where she briefly addressed the bench headed by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant, although she did not appear as a lawyer in that case.In the recently concluded assembly elections, Banerjee was defeated by current Chief Minister Suvendu Adhikari from Bhawanipur assembly constituency by a margin of over 15,000 votes. Following the defeat, Governor RN Ravi dissolved the previous assembly, thereby ending the Banerjee-led cabinet.

Source link

On the delay in Surya and Trisha’s ‘Karuppu’, RJ Balaji said, ‘My eyes are filled with tears.’ tamil movie news

RJ Balaji on delay in Surya and Trisha's 'Karuppu', says, 'My eyes were filled with tears'

actor-director RJ Balaji Got emotional after ‘Karuppu’ could not be released as per plan on Thursday morning. The much-awaited Suriya starrer was scheduled to be released in theaters in Tamil Nadu and other states with a special 9 am show. But many morning shows were suddenly canceled due to last-minute financial and release issues. Fans who came all the way and even bought tickets for the first day of release were left disappointed. In this period of chaos and despair, RJ Balaji posted an emotional video message from his car, in which he personally tearfully apologized to his fans and viewers. His emotional reaction quickly went viral on social media and attracted sympathy from film lovers and Suriya fans.

RJ Balaji’s emotional video statement goes viral

In the emotional video, RJ Balaji said that he never thought that the situation would become so difficult. Struggling to control his emotions, he apologized to the audience who had come to the theaters early in the morning in hopes of celebrating the film’s release. He said emotionally, “Watching movies is usually a way for people to escape from their personal problems and stress. But instead, we have now created more frustration and pressure for fans.” He also said, “I sincerely apologize to all the people who came to watch the film from Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra and all places.” The actor-director further revealed that many people were working continuously behind the scenes to resolve the issue and release the film as soon as possible.

Debate broke out on RJ Balaji’s allegations!

RJ Balaji also talked about the struggles faced by the team during the production and release of the film. He said that he strongly believed that May 14 would become a memorable day for the film. He shared, “I was confident that this film would achieve great success. Now my eyes are filled with tears because of this pain.” One line from his speech in particular caught the attention of fans online. “I used to say ‘Karuppu varan, vazhi viduven,’ but many people are still blocking the way,” he said emotionally. He also praised Suriya for standing by the team during this difficult moment and said that the actor was personally making great efforts to resolve the issue quickly.

‘Karuppu’ team hopes for a smooth release soon

‘Karuppu’ stars Suriya in the lead role and Trisha Krishnan plays the female lead. RJ Balaji plays an important negative role in the film, while the music is composed by Sai Abhyankar. The film has been promoted as a mass commercial entertainer with action, emotions and social themes. Although there was a feeling of disappointment among his fans due to the delay in the release of the film, they still extended their support to him through social media platforms. In his emotionally packed video, he concluded by saying that all the efforts will be worthwhile once ‘Karuppu’ is released.

Source link

FIFA World Cup: Madonna, Shakira and BTS to headline halftime show before final

FIFA confirmed on Thursday that global music icons Madonna, Shakira and K-pop supergroup BTS will lead the first halftime show during the FIFA World Cup 2026 Finals at MetLife Stadium on July 19.

The historic show, curated by Chris Martin, marks a significant change in the presentation of FIFA’s showpiece event, bringing the World Cup final closer to the entertainment spectacle associated with the Super Bowl in the United States.

FIFA President Gianni Infantino announced the line-up via social media, saying that the performance would unite “music, football and a shared commitment to improving the lives of children around the world”.

“The FIFA World Cup 2026 Final halftime show will be a truly special moment,” Infantino said, confirming that the event will support the FIFA Global Citizen Education Fund, which aims to expand access to education and football for children around the world.

The 2026 World Cup, co-hosted by the United States, Canada and Mexico, will run from June 11 to July 19 and will feature 48 teams for the first time. FIFA expanded the tournament to 104 matches from the previous 64, while introducing an additional knockout round.

The inclusion of a halftime concert during the final may also extend the traditional 15-minute interval, although FIFA has not yet confirmed the exact duration of the break.

Halftime entertainment has long been a staple of major American sporting events, especially the Super Bowl. Madonna previously headlined the Super Bowl halftime show in 2012, while Shakira performed with Jennifer Lopez in 2020.

FIFA already used the concept during last year’s Club World Cup final at MetLife Stadium, where Chelsea won over Paris Saint-Germain with performances from Doja Cat, J Balvin and Thames.

The 2026 edition is expected to be the biggest World Cup in history, with matches spread across venues in the United States, Canada and Mexico before culminating in the final in New Jersey.

– ends

published by:

-Saurabh Kumar

Published on:

May 14, 2026 14:33 IST



Source link

Surya Midha: Meet Surya Midha: The 22-year-old college dropout AI founder who became a billionaire faster than Mark Zuckerberg | world News

Meet Surya Midha: The 22-year-old college dropout AI founder who became a billionaire faster than Mark Zuckerberg

At age 22, most people are still trying to finish university, secure their first steady job, or decide what they really want to do in life. This is why the story of Surya Midha has attracted so much global attention. The Indian-origin entrepreneur based in San Francisco, California reportedly became one of the world’s youngest self-made billionaires after the rapid growth of his artificial intelligence startup Mercor, reports Forbes. What makes this achievement even more remarkable is that Midha became a billionaire at an even younger age than Mark Zuckerberg. His journey from college dropout to tech billionaire has quickly become one of the most talked-about startup success stories of 2026, especially as the AI ​​industry is expanding at an extraordinary pace.

How Surya Midha’s Mercor AI recruitment turned into a billion dollar opportunity

Mercor was founded in 2023 by Surya Midha along with his friends Brendan Foody and Adarsh ​​Hiremath. The trio reportedly shared an interest in technology, debating, and entrepreneurship before deciding to start their own company during the growing artificial intelligence boom.The platform helps companies find employees who can contribute to artificial intelligence research, AI model training, technological development, and related projects. What made the startup stand out was its heavy use of artificial intelligence during the recruitment process. According to reports, the platform uses AI systems to conduct interviews, assess skills, evaluate candidates, and match people with companies more efficiently than traditional recruiting methods. Mercor has reportedly positioned itself as a fast and scalable solution for companies struggling to quickly hire qualified talent.

How Mercor went from startup to tech giant in just a few months by 2025

Mercor’s growth during 2025 reportedly surprised even seasoned investors in the technology sector. The company’s annual revenue grew from about $100 million at the beginning of the year to nearly $500 million within a few months, Forbes reports. The growing demand for AI services encouraged major investors to invest significant money in the company. By the end of 2025, Merker is reportedly set to reach a valuation of around $10 billion. That valuation instantly turned all three founders into billionaires, while they were still only 22 years old.Surya Midha currently serves as the company’s president after reportedly transitioning from his previous role as chief operating officer. Reports show that each co-founder owns about 22% of Mercor, giving them massive individual wealth as the company continues to grow. According to recent estimates, Midha’s real-time net worth is believed to be around $2.2 billion as per Forbes report on 14 May 2026.

Surya becomes a billionaire at a younger age than Midha Zuckerberg

One of the reasons why Surya Midha’s success story has gone viral online is because of the comparisons with Mark Zuckerberg. Zuckerberg became a billionaire at the age of 23 following the explosive rise of Facebook, now known as Meta. Reportedly, Midha crossed this milestone at the age of just 22.The comparison highlights how quickly the AI ​​industry is generating enormous wealth for young entrepreneurs. During the social media era, companies like Facebook transformed the Internet. Today, artificial intelligence seems to be creating a new generation of ultra-young tech billionaires even faster.

How Surya Midha went from being a student to a startup founder during the AI ​​boom

Midha reportedly studied at Georgetown University before deciding to drop out of college and focus entirely on the startup. Leaving university is always a big gamble, especially in a competitive industry like technology. For many young entrepreneurs, especially students interested in artificial intelligence, Midha’s story represents the growing belief that age no longer limits success in the startup world. Technology, AI tools, and access to global investment networks have reportedly made it possible for young founders to scale companies faster than ever before.

Source link

EC announces Phase 3 of SIR: 16 states, 3 UTs to be covered – see list india news

EC announces Phase 3 of SIR: 16 states, 3 UTs to be covered - check list

New Delhi: The Election Commission on Thursday announced the conduct of the third phase of Special Intensive Review (SIR) covering 16 states and 3 Union Territories. The Election Commission said that Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh will not be included in this.“The Election Commission of India has directed to conduct Special Intensive Review (SIR) in 16 states and 3 Union Territories (UTs),” it said in a statement.“With this, the SIR of the electoral roll will cover the entire country except Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh in the third phase. The SIR schedule for these three States/UTs will be announced later, after the completion of the second phase of census in these three States/UTs and due consideration of the weather in the upper reaches/snow covered areas.”It further said, “Approximately 59 million voters were covered in the first two phases of SIR in 13 States/UTs as on the date of order of SIR in the respective States/UTs, over 6.3 lakh BLOs and over 9.2 lakh BLAs appointed by political parties were covered in various stages of the SIR process.”The election body informed that during the third phase of SIR, more than 3.94 lakh Booth Level Officers (BLOs) with the support of 3.42 lakh Booth Level Agents (BLAs) nominated by political parties, will conduct door-to-door visits to reach out to 36.73 crore voters during the counting phase.

Source link

Sun transits Taurus in May 2026: Stability is tested by Uranus and Saturn in each sign

Sun transits Taurus in May 2026: Stability is tested by Uranus and Saturn in each sign

From May 15 to June 15, 2026, the Sun will enter Taurus from Aries. This changes the mood immediately. Aries are sharp, direct, impatient, and action-driven. Taurus is slow, steady, and more concerned with money, comfort, security, food, family values, and long-term stability. So this one month period is not about rushing into everything. It’s about asking a very practical question: What is really stable in my life, and what only looks stable from the outside?Why is the Sun isolated in Taurus in 2026?This year, Sun is not moving alone in Taurus. Uranus is already in Taurus, so this transit brings unexpected changes around money, comfort, routine, relationships, and personal values. Taurus generally likes predictability, but Uranus doesn’t let things stay too stable. Saturn in Pisces also casts its third aspect to Taurus, adding pressure, discipline, and reality checks. For about half of this transit, Mercury also joins Taurus, so money talks, business decisions, negotiations, documents, and practical interactions become more important. Venus, the lord of Taurus, will also be in conjunction with Jupiter during this period, which brings love, finance, comfort, luxury and assistance in relationship development. Therefore, this month brings both opportunities and improvements.

Watch

These Nakshatras create kings, rebels and great men who are born today not to rule. ft ajay bhambi

ARISFor Aries, this transit directly activates money, savings and self-esteem. You may feel the need to spend, earn, invest or restructure finances. Thoughts of sudden expenditure or sudden earning can both arise. Don’t make impulse purchases just to feel in control. Offer water to the Sun in the morning and keep a clear limit on expenditure for this month.TAURUSFor Taurus, this becomes a personal reset. Confidence, presence, health, identity and decision-making abilities come into focus. You may feel restless, even though you usually prefer stability. Uranus may inspire you to change something about your lifestyle or image. Remain calm. Walk barefoot on the grass and avoid unnecessary insistence in personal matters.GeminiThis transit works peacefully for Gemini. Patterns of sleeplessness, anxiety, overthinking, and hidden stress may become more visible. You may feel tired without understanding the reason. Don’t burden yourself mentally too much. Reduce screen time before sleeping and light a ghee lamp in the evening for peace.cancerFriendships, networks, and long-term goals become active for Cancerians. Some people may come closer while some equations may suddenly feel distanced. Don’t trust every group plan too emotionally too quickly. Feed the birds regularly and be selective about who has access to your energy.leoCareer becomes important for Leo. Visibility increases, but so does the pressure. You may get responsibility, attention or sudden professional changes. Do not react with ego at the workplace. Feed jaggery to the cow on Sunday and keep every business commitment realistic.VirgoFor Virgo, this transit opens up learning, travel, faith, and long-term direction. You may reconsider your belief system or feel drawn toward spiritual study. A travel or learning opportunity may come suddenly. Journal daily and avoid being too rigid in any one approach.LibraThis is a deep transit for Libra. Shared money, debt, investments, taxes, trust and emotional vulnerabilities come to the fore. Avoid casual lending or taking secret financial decisions. Soak feet in salt water once a week and keep financial matters transparent.scorpioFor Scorpio, relationships become the main focus. There may be sudden changes in marriage, partnership, business collaboration and commitment related conversations. Speak thoughtfully as Mercury will make conversations important. Offer rose water in a temple and avoid giving sharp reactions in close relationships.archerFor Sagittarius, there is a need to improve routine, work habits and health. Irregular eating, poor sleep, or burnout patterns may appear. This is a good month to get the basics right. Keep a fixed waking time and do not skip meals.CapricornLove, creativity, children, and self-expression become active for Capricorn. Unexpected romantic or creative developments may arise. Do not control your emotions too much. Spend time in the morning sunshine and allow yourself to enjoy something without any guilt.AquariusHome, family, property and emotional foundation become important for Aquarius. There may be a sudden domestic change or family conversation. Keep your home clutter free and spend time consciously with elders or parents.PiscesCommunication, siblings, short travels and decision making abilities become active for Pisces. Words will carry weight, so avoid speaking emotionally in a hurry. Chant Aditya Hridayam once a week and think before replying to sensitive messages.This article is written by Siddharth S Kumar, Registered Pharmacist, Astro Numerologist, Life & Relationship Coach, Vastu Expert, IKS Expert, I Ching Expert, Energy Healer, Music Therapist, Author of “Think Like a Sage Lead Like a CEO” series and Chief Astro Strategy Officer (CASO), Numrovani.

Source link

He started Dave’s Hot Chicken with $900: Years later, 19 employees become millionaires after $1 billion deal | world News

They started Dave's Hot Chicken with $900: Years later, 19 employees become millionaires after $1 billion deal

For decades, stories of billion-dollar company sales have generally followed the same pattern. Founders become rich, investors celebrate massive returns, and employees often get nothing more than praise for their hard work. Recently, Graham Walker has attracted attention after reportedly sharing $240 million with 540 employees following the sale of Fiberbond Corp. to Eaton in a $1.7 billion deal. Before the sale was finalized, Walker insisted that 15% of the proceeds go directly to the employees, even if they did not own shares in the company. The average worker reportedly received approximately $443,000, creating life-changing financial opportunities for many families in the small town of Minden, Louisiana. Similarly, according to a 2025 report from CNBC, Dave’s Hot Chicken, a fast-growing restaurant chain, reportedly turned 19 employees into millionaires after a massive investment deal that valued the company at nearly $1 billion. CEO Bill Phelps says this decision was deliberate from the beginning. At a time when many employees feel disconnected from corporate success, the move has sparked conversations about loyalty, leadership and how companies reward the people who help build them.

Dave’s Hot Chicken The deal that reportedly made managers millionaires

The major turning point came when private equity firm Roark Capital acquired a majority stake in Dave’s Hot Chicken in a deal reportedly worth about $1 billion. Such large investment deals are common in the restaurant industry, but what happened next surprised many.According to Bill Phelps, 19 employees became millionaires through the transaction, NRN reports. The company reportedly rewarded corporate employees, store managers and assistant managers with bonuses that were almost equal to their annual salaries. For many workers, this was potentially a life-changing moment.“I had some investors who said, ‘You’re paying too much money, it’s not right,'” he says. “As investors they were absolutely right to stand up to other investors. They have a fiduciary duty, but I have a duty to the people who built this business, and I was true to the care of all those stakeholders in this deal.”Phelps later explained that some investors were uncomfortable with how much money was being distributed to employees. From a financial perspective, investors often prioritize earning maximum profits and protecting returns for shareholders.

How Dave’s Hot Chicken turned a $900 startup into a nationwide restaurant giant

Dave’s Hot Chicken didn’t start out as a giant corporate brand. The company reportedly started in 2017 when three childhood friends raised just $900 to open a small chicken stand in a Los Angeles parking lot. At the time, few people could have predicted how rapidly the business would grow. Customers were attracted to the restaurant’s spicy chicken, simple menu and strong social media buzz. Within a few years, the brand expanded rapidly throughout the United States and became one of the most talked-about fast-food chains in the industry.The company’s growth accelerated after Bill Phelps joined in 2019. Phelps already had extensive experience in the restaurant business after co-founding Wetzel’s Pretzels and working with several other food brands. With an investor group, he acquired a stake in Dave’s Hot Chicken and helped franchise the business across the country.

Bill Phelps reportedly called his employees ‘partners’

“One of my investors told me I had no idea what management compensation should be,” Phelps says with a laugh. “And he’s right, because I don’t see them as management. I see them as my partners in this journey, and I compensate them as partners in this journey.” According to Phelps, rewarding employees appropriately was part of staying loyal to those who had contributed to Dave’s Hot Chicken from the beginning.Phelps has also said that he does not believe in micromanaging employees because he trusts people to do their jobs well.

Source link

Iran’s Araghchi in India for BRICS meet; His plane has a clear message: ‘MINB168’ india news

Iran's Araghchi in India for BRICS meet; There is a clear message on his plane: 'MINAB168'

New Delhi: Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi reached New Delhi on Wednesday. BRIC Foreign ministers meeting on a plane carrying a clear message from Tehran: Minab168. The inscription on the plane is a reference to the 168 schoolchildren Iran says were killed in a US strike on a school in Minab on February 28, underscoring the human toll of the war, even as diplomatic engagement continues.The #Minab168 markings are prominently visible on the fuselage in photographs of Araghchi boarding a plane in Tehran.Araghchi’s visit comes at a fraught moment for West Asia, with the ongoing conflict involving Iran and the US-Israel axis expected to dominate the discussion at the BRICS foreign ministers’ meeting in Delhi. He is also expected to hold bilateral talks with External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, in which energy security, regional stability and connectivity are likely to be on the agenda.The reference to Araghchi’s plane points to one of the deadliest and most emotional events of the ongoing conflict in Iran.

What happened in Minab?

On February 28, the first day of the US-Israeli military campaign against Iran, Shajareh Tayyebeh Elementary School in Minab, a city in Iran’s southern Hormozgan province near the Strait of Hormuz, was attacked in an attack that Iranian officials say killed 168 schoolchildren. The attack quickly became a defining symbol of civilian loss in the war. UNICEF said the victims included children aged 7 to 12, calling it a stark reminder of the conflict’s cost on civilians.The location of Minab further increased the controversy. The school was located close to an Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) facility, raising questions about whether it was caught in an attack targeting nearby military infrastructure. The Pentagon later launched a high-level investigation into the incident after initial findings suggested the US military may have been responsible, with the report indicating the possibility of faulty or outdated intelligence.

Source link

How a content creator earned Rs 24,000 in just 24 hours by selling this fast food in the mountains.

How a content creator earned Rs 24,000 in just 24 hours by selling this fast food in the mountains

In January 2026, content creator Badal Thakur made headlines by selling Maggi for a day in the hills and earned a total of Rs 21,000. In the same league, a Delhi-based content creator is now trending for earning Rs 24,000 by selling Maggi at a beautiful mountain location. Scroll down to read details.

maggi, mountain and money

Maggi and mountains have a unique relationship which is loved by people of all ages. It’s the perfect combination for travelers seeking comfort food in cold weather. Recently a content creator from Delhi used this combination to earn a good amount of money. Devansh Tyagi, who is known for posting challenge-based videos on Instagram, documented his attempt to set up a temporary Maggi stall at a beautiful hilly location and earned Rs 24,000. According to the video, they looked for a beautiful location, arranged packets of instant noodles on display, laid out plastic tables and chairs for customers, and set up a small cooking station overlooking the hills. Soon after the stall opened, pedestrians and tourists began stopping by for food. He can also be seen cooking fresh portions of Maggi for customers and interacting with them. He revealed that regular Maggi was priced at Rs 100 per plate, while butter Maggi was priced at Rs 120. At the end of the experiment, Tyagi claimed that he had earned Rs 24,000 in a single day by selling Maggi.The video quickly went viral, garnering 92.1 million views and sparking widespread discussion online about Maggi’s popularity at hill stations and tourist destinations.This idea is not very new. In January, another manufacturer conducted a similar experiment and they sold normal Maggi at Rs 70 and Paneer Maggi at Rs 100. At the end of the day he sold around 300 plates and earned around Rs 21,000.

Why does Maggi taste so good in the mountains?

Weather change: One reason it works so well is the weather. The drop in temperature makes you crave for heavy and filling food and Maggi made from refined flour, with the goodness of vegetables serves the purpose and becomes highly satiating. Sadness: Food is often associated with nostalgia and memories. Maggi in the mountains is associated with memories of holidays, road trips, rain-soaked evenings, bonfires and friendship, which is why people are often eager to revisit those good times. Filling and Resting: We have been eating Maggi for years. When you are in the mountains, steep treks often make you hungry and that’s when Maggi, rich in carbs and fat, comes as a savior, as it is mostly made from flour. Plus, the use of butter in making this iconic dish makes it even more delicious and comforting. Disclaimer: This article is based on publicly available reports. The Times of India has not independently verified all the claims mentioned in the article.Images Courtesy: iStock and Instagram

Source link

Australia Lizard Population: Why Australia Became One of the World’s Largest Lizard Populations world News

Why did Australia become home to the world's largest population of lizards?

The number of lizards in Australia is not large for no reason. In many areas, they almost silently dominate the landscape, moving through bushes, rocks and dry grass in large numbers that become apparent only after spending time there. The continent has an unusually high concentration of reptile species, especially skinks, compared to most of the world. Scientists have been trying for years to understand how one landmass produced such extraordinary diversity while other animal groups remained relatively limited.This explanation appears to be linked to Australia’s long environmental history. Over millions of years the continent gradually changed, becoming drier, hotter and more fragmented. Habitats repeatedly expanded and disappeared. Those changes created opportunities for reptile populations to diverge, adapt to local conditions, and eventually evolve into completely different species. Everything that exists today is the result of accumulation over vast expanses of time rather than a sudden evolutionary event.

How ancient climate change boosted lizard diversity in Australia

Australia was once much wetter than it is now. Parts of the continent had large forest areas before long-term climate drying caused changes in vegetation patterns and converted much of the interior into open woodland, shrubland and desert.According to research published in ScienceDirect, titled ” Phylogeny and divergence times of the Australian sphenomorphous group are reduced.“, the major diversification among Australian skinks appears to be closely linked to these ancient climate changes. The study reconstructed evolutionary relationships in the group Sphenomorphini and found that several lineages expanded during a period when arid environments spread across the continent.Reptiles are not necessarily harmed by dry conditions. Lizards can survive on relatively limited resources and adjust their activity around extreme temperatures. In landscapes where rainfall became unpredictable and food supplies fluctuated, those traits helped them survive while conditions became increasingly difficult for many other animals. Environmental change occurred gradually rather than suddenly. It matters. Populations had time to adapt to local habitats as the ecosystem changed around them over millions of years.

Why did geographic isolation increase the diversity of lizards in Australia?

Australia’s long geographic isolation also shaped what happened next. After separation from Antarctica, the continent remained fairly isolated for the evolution of animal lineages and subsequently experienced relatively little external competition. According to the study, examining Australian desert lizard diversity, many species evolved to occupy highly specialized ecological niches. Some prefer loose dunes while others stick to rocky cliffs, woodland edges, or dense spinifex grasslands. Even closely related species often avoid direct competition by being active at different times of the day or by hunting different prey. That level of ecological isolation allows unusually large numbers of lizards to exist in the same general landscape. Areas that appear similar to humans may actually contain dozens of different micro-habitats based on shade, soil texture, shelter, and temperature variations.Frequent climate instability has probably accelerated this process. The habitat expanded during wet periods and contracted during dry periods, allowing populations to remain isolated for long periods of time and gradually became genetically distinct.

Why skinks became one of Australia’s most successful lizard groups

The Skinks became particularly successful throughout Australia. Although many appear superficially similar, they occupy a remarkable range of environments and lifestyles. Some people remain buried under sand for most of their lives. Others climb vegetation or hide under leaf litter and fallen wood.The recent evolutionary study was published in ScienceDirect, titled “ Sphenomorphini revealed: a phylogenomic framework and generic reappraisal for Australia’s most species-rich vertebrate radiation”, This suggests that the Sphenomorphini radiation continued to spread as new environments emerged across the continent. Some groups adapted well to dry inland habitats, while others remained associated with wetter coastal forests and tropical regions.That flexibility helped create diversity over time. When environmental conditions changed, some populations expanded into new areas, while individual groups adapted to local pressures. Ultimately, those populations became separate species. There are now over a thousand lizard species in Australia, with skinks being one of the largest components of that diversity.

Desert conditions encourage lizard diversity in Australia

Deserts are often imagined to be biologically sparse, yet Australian deserts support unusually rich reptile communities. In some areas, scientists have recorded very high concentrations of lizard species living in relatively small spaces.According to the report of physics.orgAustralian desert reptiles suggest that environmental unpredictability may actually encourage coexistence rather than diminish it. Precipitation falls irregularly, temperatures change rapidly between day and night, and food availability is constantly changing. In those circumstances, species survive by exploiting slightly different resources or activity periods. Small differences become important. One species may forage shortly after sunrise while the other is active later in the day. Some prefer open ground exposed to sunlight, while others stay close to shady vegetation or rocky shelter. Over evolutionary time, those distinctions reduced direct competition enough for many species to coexist. Therefore, Australia’s reptile diversity reflects long-term interactions between climate, geography and adaptation rather than any single defining cause.

Source link